¹ sn Shem, Ham, and Japheth were Noah’s three sons.
²tc Many medieval Hebrew manuscripts read, “Riphath” (see Gen 10:3).
³tn Or in this case, “descendents.”
⁴tn That is, “Egypt.”
⁵tn Heb “he began to be a mighty warrior in the earth.”
⁶tn Heb “came forth.”
⁷tc The words “the sons of Aram” do not appear in the Hebrew text. Apparently the phrase <ra ynbw has accidentally dropped out of the text by homoioteleuton (note the presence of <ra) just before this. The phrase is included in Gen 10:23.
⁸sn Perhaps this refers to the scattering of the people at Babel (Gen 11:1-9).
⁹tc Some medieval Hebrew manuscripts have “Obal” (see Gen 10:28).
¹⁰tn The words “the others were” are added in the translation for stylistic reasons.
¹¹tn Traditionally, “concubine.”
¹²tc Many medieval Hebrew manuscripts have “Zepho” (see Gen 36:11).
¹³tn The Hebrew text has simply, “and Timna and Amalek,” but Gen 36:12 indicates that Timna, a secondary wife of Eliphaz, was the mother of Amalek. See also v. 39 below.
¹⁴sn Perhaps this is the Timna mentioned in v. 36.
¹⁵tc Some medieval Hebrew manuscripts read “Alvan” (see Gen 36:23).
¹⁶tc A few medieval Hebrew manuscripts read “Shepho” (see Gen 36:23).
¹⁷tn The Hebrew text has the plural, but only one son is listed.
¹⁸tc The Hebrew text has “Dishon,” but this should be emended to “Dishan.” See the list in v. 38 and Gen 36:28.
¹⁹tn Heb “ruled in his place,” here and in vv. 45-50.
²⁰tc Many medieval Hebrew manuscripts read “Pau.”
²¹tn Each of the names in this list is preceded by the word “chief” in the Hebrew text.
¹tn The name means “daughter of Shua.” Shua is identified in Gen 38:2 as a “Canaanite man.”
²tn Heb “was evil in the eyes of the LORD, so he (i.e., the LORD) killed him (i.e., Er).”
³tn Heb “his.”
⁴tc Many medieval Hebrew manuscripts have “Darda” (see 1 Kgs 4:31, Eng., = 5:11, Heb.).
⁵tn The Hebrew text has the plural, but only one son is listed.
⁶tc The Hebrew text has “Achar,” but a few medieval Hebrew manuscripts read “Achan.” See Josh 7:1.
⁷tn Heb “the troubler of Israel who was unfaithful with respect to the devoted (things).”
⁸tn The Hebrew text has the plural, but only one son is listed.
⁹tn The Hebrew text has “Celubai,” but see v. 18.
¹⁰tn The Hebrew text reads literally, “and Caleb son of Hezron fathered (children) with Azubah, a wife, and with Jerioth.” Jerioth could be viewed as a second wife, but the following context mentions only “her (presumably Azubah’s) sons.” Another option, the one chosen in the translation, is that Jerioth is another name for Azubah.
¹¹tn Heb “took for himself.”
¹²sn This means “later” in relation to the births of the three sons mentioned in v. 9.
¹³tn Heb “went to”
¹⁴tn Heb “took.”
¹⁵tn The Hebrew text reads literally, “And after the death of Hezron in Caleb Ephrathah, and the wife of Hezron, Abijah, and she bore to him Ashchur the father of Tekoa.” Perhaps one could translate: “After Hezron died in Caleb Ephrathah, Abijah, Hezron’s wife, bore to him Ashchur, the father of Tekoa.” The text, in this case, suggests that Abijah was born after his father’s death. Because of the awkward syntax and the odd appearance of “Caleb Ephrathah” as a place name, some prefer to emend the text. Some alter htrpa blkb, “in Caleb Ephrathah,” to htrpa blk ab, “Caleb had sexual relations with Ephrath,” and then change hyba, “Abijah,” to whyba, “his father.” This results in the following reading: “And after Hezron’s death, Caleb had sexual relations with Ephrath, his father Hezron’s wife, and she bore to him Ashchur the father of Tekoa.” This would mean that Caleb’s second wife Ephrath had actually been his late father’s wife (probably Caleb’s step mother). Perhaps the text was subsequently altered because Caleb’s actions appeared improper in light of Lev 18:8; 20:11; Deut 22:30; 27:20 (which, however, likely refer to a son having sexual relations with his stepmother while his father is still living).
¹⁶tn The Hebrew text has the plural “sons” in all three instances in this verse, even though the following lists have only one name.
¹⁷tc The Hebrew text has “and the sons of Mareshah,” but this does not fit contextually. Perhaps the text originally had hvrm hnvm wnbw, “and his second son, Mareshah,” with hnvm later accidentally falling out by homoioteleuton (see the BHS note here).
¹⁸tn Traditionally translated, “concubine.”
¹⁹tn Traditionally translated, “concubine.”
²⁰tn The Hebrew text has the singular, but the following list contains more than one name.
²¹tn The Hebrew text has Ephrathah, but see v. 19.
²²tn The Hebrew text has “Menuchites,” but v. 54 has “Manachathites.”
²³tn Heb “from these went forth the Zorathites and Estaolites.”
²⁴tn Heb “came.”
²⁵tn Or “the father of the house (i.e., “family”) of Rechab.”
¹tn The Hebrew text has Bathshua, but 2 Sam 12:24 makes it clear Bathsheba was Solomon’s mother.
²sn In 2 Sam 11:3 Bathsheba is called “the daughter of Eliam.”
³tn The Hebrew text has “Elishama,” but 14:5 lists the name as Elishua. Another son named “Elishama” is listed in 3:8.
⁴tn The Hebrew text has “Eliphelet,” but 14:5 lists the name as Elpelet. Another son named “Eliphelet” is listed in 3:8.
⁵tn Or “concubines.”
⁶tn Heb “prisoner.” Jehoiachin was taken to Babylon as a prisoner. See 2 Chr 36:10.
¹tn In Hebrew the name JB@u=y^, “Jabez,” sounds like the noun bx#uo, “pain.”
²tn On the use of <a, “if,” here, see KB3, 60.
³tn Heb “and act from (i.e., so as to prevent) harm so that I might not be in pain.”
⁴tn Heb “and God brought about what he had asked.”
⁵tc “Meonothai” has dropped from the Hebrew text by haplography. Note that the name appears at the beginning of the next verse as well.
⁶tn Heb “the father of Ge Harashim, for they were craftsmen.” The name Ge Harashim means “Valley of Craftsmen.”
⁷tn The Hebrew text reads, “and the sons of Elah and Kenaz.”
⁸tn The Hebrew text has simply, “and she gave birth to,” without identifying the subject. The words “Mered’s wife Bithiah” are added in the translation for clarification. See v. 18b.
⁹tn Heb “took.”
¹⁰tn Heb “and the words are old.”
¹¹tn Heb “and those who lived in Netaim and Gederah; with the king in his work they lived there.”
¹²tn The words “their clan leaders were” are added in the translation for clarification. See v. 38.
¹³tn The Hebrew text reads “their tents,” apparently referring to those of the Hamites mentioned at the end of v. 40. Some prefer to emend the text to read, “the tents of Ham.”
¹⁴tn Heb “and they lived in place of them.”
¹⁵tn Heb “and struck down the remnant that had escaped belonging to Amalek.”
¹sn The phrase when he defiled his father’s bed refers to Reuben having sexual relations with his father Jacob’s secondary wife Bilhah. See Gen 35:22.
²tn Heb “and not to be listed in the genealogical records as (having) the right of the firstborn.”
³tn Heb “and (one) for a leader (was) from him.” This probably refers to the Davidic king.
⁴tn Heb “and in the days of Saul they made war with the Hagrites and they fell by their hand and they lived in their tents unto all the face of the east of Gilead.”
⁵tn Heb “and their brothers by the house of their fathers.”
⁶tn Heb “was the head of the house of their fathers.”
⁷tn Heb “unto their extremities.”
⁸tn Heb “the sons of Reuben and the Gadites and half of the tribe of Manasseh, from the sons of bravery, men carrying a shield and sword and treading a bow and trained for war, 44,760 going out for warfare.”
⁹tn Heb “made war with.”
¹⁰tn Heb “and they were helped against them and they were given over into their hand, the Hagrites and all who were with them, for to God they cried out in the battle and he was entreated (or “allowed himself to be entreated”) by them for they trusted in him.”
¹¹tn Heb “many slain fell.”
¹²tn Heb “from God (was) the battle.”
¹³tn Heb “and they lived in place of them until the exile.”
¹⁴tn Heb “and these (were) the heads of the house of their fathers.”
¹⁵tn Heb “men of names.”
¹⁶tn Heb “prostituted themselves after.”
¹⁷tn Heb “the peoples of the land.”
¹⁸tn Heb “stirred up the spirit of.”
¹⁹tn Heb “and the spirit of Tiglath-pileser king of Assyria.” Pul and Tiglath-pileser were names of the same Assyrian ruler.
¹sn The chapter division comes 15 verses later in the Hebrew text. 6:1-15 in the English text = 5:27-41 in the Hebrew text.
²tn The words “the people of” are added in the translation for clarification.
³sn 1 Chr 6:16-81 in the English text = 6:1-66 in the Hebrew text. See the note at 6:1.
⁴tn The name appears as “Gershon” in 6:1.
⁵tn Heb “by their fathers.”
⁶tn Or perhaps, “descendents,” since the list differs from the one in v. 18.
⁷tc The consonantal Hebrew text (kethib) has, “Elkanah, his son, Elkanah.” The marginal reading (qere) is “Elkanah, the sons of Elkanah.” The text probably originally read simply, “Elkanah his son.”
⁸tn After the last named “Elkanah” some insert “Samuel his son” to facilitate a transition to the next verse, which beings “and the sons of Samuel.”
⁹tc The Hebrew text lacks the name lawy “Joel,” which has probably dropped by homoioteleuton (note the lasy three letters of the preceding name lawmv).
¹⁰tn Heb “house.”
¹¹tn Heb “they were serving . . . with music.”
¹²tn Or traditionally, “tabernacle.”
¹³tn Heb “and his brother Asaph, the one who stood at his right hand.”
¹⁴tn Heb “and the sons of Merari, their brothers, on the left.”
¹⁵tn Heb “their brothers, the Levites.”
¹⁶tn Heb “were assigned to all the work of the tabernacle of the house of God.”
¹⁷tn Heb “for all the work of the holy of holies.”
¹⁸tn Heb “making atonement for Israel according to all which Moses the servant of God commanded.”
¹⁹tn Heb “and these were their dwelling places according to their encampments in their territory to the sons of Aaron.”
²⁰tn Heb “to the clan of the Kohathites for to them was the lot.”
²¹tn The parallel account in Josh 21:13 has the singular “city.”
²²tn The words “they were allotted” are added in the translation for stylistic reasons.
²³tn Heb “to the sons of Kohath who were left from the clan of the tribe, from the half of the tribe of the half of Manasseh by lot ten cities.”
²⁴tn Heb “and to the sons of Gershom by their clans from the tribe of Issachar, and from the tribe of Asher, and from the tribe of Naphtali, and from the tribe of Manasseh in Bashan, 13 cities.”
²⁵tn Heb “and to the sons of Merari by their clans from the tribe of Reuben, and from the tribe of Gad, and from the tribe of Zebulun by lot, 12 cities.”
²⁶tn Heb “and they gave by lot from the tribe of the sons of Judah, and from the tribe of the sons of Simeon, and from the tribe of the sons of Benjamin these cities, which they called them by names.”
²⁷tn Heb “and from (we should probably read “to”) the clans of the sons of Kohath and there were the cities of their territory from the tribe of Ephraim.”
²⁸tn The parallel account in Josh 21:21 has the singular.
²⁹tn Heb “and from the half of the tribe of Manasseh, Aner and its pasturelands and Bileam and its pasturelands to the clan, to the sons of Kohath who were left.”
³⁰tn Heb “to the sons of Gershom.”
³¹tn Heb “to the sons of Merari, who were left.”
³²tn Heb “and from across the Jordan at Jericho, on the east of the Jordan, from the tribe of Reuben.”
¹tn Heb “heads of the house of their fathers.”
²tn Heb “to Tola (there were) warriors by their generations, their number in the days of David (was) 22,600.”
³tn The Hebrew text has “sons,” but only one son is listed.
⁴tn Heb “and unto them by their generations to the house of their fathers (were) troops of war of battle, 36,000 for they had many wives and sons.”
⁵tn Heb “and their brothers, according to all the clans of Issachar, the warriors (were) 87,000 listed in the genealogical records for all.”
⁶tc The Hebrew text has simply “Benjamin,” but ynb, “sons of,” has dropped out by haplography (/mynb ynb).
⁷tn The Hebrew text has “sons,” but only one son is listed.
⁸tn Heb “and the name of the second was Zelophechad.”
⁹tn The Hebrew text has “sons,” but only one son is listed.
¹⁰tn Heb “he.”
¹¹tn Heb “because in tragedy there had come to his house.” The preposition prefixed to hur should probably be omitted. hur, “tragedy,” should be understood as the subject of the feminine verb form that follows.
¹²tn The antecedent of “his” is not clear. The translation assumes that v. 25 resumes the list of Ephraim’s descendents (see vv. 20-21a) after a lengthy parenthesis (vv. 21b-24).
¹³tc The Hebrew text has simply “Resheph,” but the phrase “his son” has probably been accidentally omitted, since the names before and after this include the phrase.
¹⁴tn Or perhaps, “Nun.”
¹⁵tc The Hebrew text has yja, “the brother of,” but this should probably be emended to wyja, “his brother.” See v. 35.
¹⁶tn or, “Shomer,” see v. 32.
¹⁷tc “Hubbah” is the marginal reading (qere); the consonantal text (kethib) has “Jachbah.”
¹⁸tn Or “Hotham,” see v. 32.
¹⁹tn Heb “all these were the sons of Asher, heads of the house of the fathers, selected, warriors, heads of the leaders, and there was listed in the genealogical records in war, in battle, their number, men, 26,000.”
¹tn Heb “he.”
²tn Some supply the name “Jeiel,” see 9:35.
³tc Some add “Ner” here (see 9:36 and v. 33 below, where Ner is mentioned as the father of Kish). The form rnw could have been accidentally omitted by homoiarchton since each name in the list has the conjunction prefixed to it.
⁴tc The Hebrew text omits this name, but it may have fallen out accidentally by haplography. Note that the name immediately follows at the beginning of v. 32.
⁵tn The Hebrew text adds here, “with their brothers.”
⁶tc The Hebrew text has Wrk=Bo, which some understand as a name, “Bocheru.” But the form should probably be revocalized orkoB=, “his firstborn.” A name has accidentally dropped from the list, and a scribe apparently read wrkb as one of the names.
⁷tn Heb “and the sons of Ulam were men, warriors and treaders of a bow.”
¹tn The Hebrew text has simply “Judah,” though the verb wlgh”carried away” is plural.
²tn Heb “and the inhabitants, the first who (were) in their property in their cities, Israel, the priests, the Levites and the temple servants.”
³tn The words “the settlers included” are added in the translation for stylistic reasons.
⁴tn Heb “and all these men were heads of fathers for the house of their fathers.”
⁵tn Heb “capable (for) the work of the task of the house of God.”
⁶tn Heb “and his brothers belonging to the house of his father, the Korachites, to the work of the task, guardians of the threshold of the tent.”
⁷tn Heb “and their fathers to the camp of the LORD, guardians of the entrance.”
⁸tn Heb “they—David appointed, and Samuel the seer, in their position.”
⁹tn Heb “and they and their sons to the gates of the house of the LORD, of the house of the tent, (were assigned) as guards.”
¹⁰tn Heb “in the house of God.”
¹¹tn Heb “in the house of God.”
¹²tn Heb “and from them over the articles of the task, for by number they would bring them in, and by number they would bring them out.”
¹³tn Heb “holy place.”
¹⁴tn Heb “were in rooms.” The words “at the sanctuary” are added in the translation for clarification.
¹⁵tn Heb “and also they, opposite their brothers, lived in Jerusalem with their brothers.”
¹⁶tc The name “Achaz” is omitted in the Hebrew text. It probably was accidentally omitted by haplography. Note that the name appears at the beginning of the next verse. See also 8:35.
¹⁷tc The Hebrew text has Wrk=Bo, which some understand as a name, “Bocheru.” But the form should probably be revocalized orkoB=, “his firstborn.” A name has accidentally dropped from the list, and a scribe apparently read wrkb as one of the names. See as well 1 Chr 8:38.
¹tn Heb “stuck close after.”
²tn Heb “the Philistines.”
³tn Heb “his.”
⁴tn Heb “heavy.”
⁵tn Heb “and they found him, the ones who shoot with the bow, and he was in pain from the ones shooting.”
⁶tn Heb “so these uncircumcised ones might not come and abuse me.”
⁷tn Heb “all his house.”
⁸tn Heb “they.”
⁹tn Or “gods.”
¹⁰tn Heb “arose and carried away the corpse of Saul and the corpses of his sons.”
¹¹tn Heb “and Saul died because of his unfaithfulness by which he acted unfaithfully against the LORD, concerning the word of the LORD which he did not keep, also to Saul, a ritual pit to seek.” The text alludes to the incident recorded in 1 Sam 28. Hebrew bwa, “ritual pit,” refers to a pit used by a magician to conjure up underworld spirits. In 1 Sam 28:7 the witch of Endor is called a bwa tlub, “owner of a ritual pit.” See H. Hoffner, JBL 86 (1967), 385-401.
¹²tn Heb “he.”
¹tn Heb “look, your bone and your flesh (are) we.”
²tn Heb “you were the one who led out and the one who brought in Israel.”
³tn Heb “elders.”
⁴tn Or “covenant.”
⁵tn Heb “anointed.”
⁶tn Heb “according to the word of the LORD by the hand of Samuel.”
⁷tn Heb “and there the Jebusites, the inhabitants of the land.”
⁸sn Verse 6 inserts into the narrative parenthetical information about Joab’s role in the conquest of the city. Verse 7 then picks up where verse 5 left off.
⁹tn Or perhaps, “strikes down.”
¹⁰tn Heb “head and officer.”
¹¹tn Heb “went up.”
¹²tn Heb “head.”
¹³tn Heb “to that which surrounds.” On the referent here, see KB3, 740.
¹⁴tn Heb “and David went, going and becoming great, and the LORD of Hosts was with him.”
¹⁵tn Heb “and these were the heads of the warriors who were David’s, who held strongly with him in his kingdom and with all Israel to make him king, according to the word of the LORD, over Israel.”
¹⁶tn Heb “and these are the number of the warriors who were David’s.”
¹⁷tc The marginal reading (qere) has “officers;” the consonantal text (kethib) has “the Thirty” (see v. 15).
¹⁸tn Heb “he was wielding his spear against 300, (who were) slain at one time.”
¹⁹tn Heb “after him.”
²⁰tn Some read here “Ephes Dammim,” see 1 Sam 17:1.
²¹tn Heb “delivered it.”
²²tn Heb “and the LORD delivered (with) a great deliverance.”
²³tn Heb “Who will give me water to drink?” On the rhetorical use of /m here, see BDB, 566.
²⁴tn Heb “Far be it to me from my God from doing this.”
²⁵tn Heb “with their lives.”
²⁶tn Heb “with their lives.”
²⁷tn Heb “these things the three warriors did.”
²⁸tn Heb “he was wielding his spear against 300, (who were) slain.”
²⁹tn Heb “and to him (reading with the qere) there was a name among the three.”
³⁰tn Or “more than.”
³¹tc Lit. “the two of Ariel, Moab.” The precise meaning of layra is uncertain; some read “warrior.’ The translation above assumes that the word is a proper name and that ynb, “sons of,” has accidentally dropped from the text by homoioarchton (note the preceding ynv).
³²tn Heb “five cubits.”
³³tn Heb “went down to.”
³⁴tn Or “more than.”
¹tn Heb “kept from.”
²tn Lit. “ones armed with bow(s), using the right hand and the left hand with stones and with arrows with the bow, from the brothers of Saul from Benjamin.”
³sn In the Hebrew text a verse division occurs at this point. Verse 4b in the English text = verse 5 in the Hebrew text. Verses 5-40 in the English text = verses 6-41 in the Hebrew text.
⁴tn Heb “warriors, men of battle for war, prepared with shield and spear, and (like) the face of a lion were their faces, and like gazelles on the hills to hurry.”
⁵tn Heb “one for a hundred the small, and the great for a thousand.” Another option is to translate the preposition -l= as “against” and to understand this as a hyperbolic reference to their prowess: “the least could stand against 100, the greatest against 1,000.”
⁶sn That is, March-April.
⁷tn Heb “and they chased all the valleys to the east and to the west.”
⁸tn Heb “and David went out before them and answered and said to them.”
⁹tn Heb “there will be to me concerning you a heart for unity.”
¹⁰tn Heb “with no violence in my hands.”
¹¹tn Perhaps, “the Spirit,” but the text has simply jwr with no article.
¹²tn Heb “clothed.”
¹³tn The words “and he said” are added in the translation for stylistic reasons.
¹⁴tn Heb “are with.”
¹⁵tn Heb “peace, peace to you.” <wlv is repeated to emphasize degree.
¹⁶tn Heb “and peace to the one who helps you.”
¹⁷tn Or “for.”
¹⁸tn Heb “fell upon,” here in a good sense.
¹⁹tn Heb “and they did not help them for by counsel they sent him away, the lords of the Philistines, saying, ‘With our heads he will fall to his master Saul.’“
²⁰tn Heb “he.”
²¹tn Heb “for at the time of day in a day they were coming to David to help him until (there was) a great camp like the camp of God.” <yhla is probably used idiomatically here to indicate the superlative.
²²tn Heb “these are the numbers of the heads of the forces armed for battle (who) came to David in Hebron to turn over the kingdom of Saul to him according to the mouth of the LORD.”
²³tn Heb “the sons of Judah, carrying shield and spear, (were) 6,800 armed for battle.”
²⁴tn Heb “from the sons of Benjamin, the brothers of Saul.”
²⁵tn Heb “and until then, the majority of them were keeping the charge of the house of Saul.”
²⁶tn Heb “men of names for the house of their fathers.”
²⁷tn Heb “from the sons of Issachar, knowers of understanding for times to know what Israel should do, their heads (were) 200, and all their brothers according to their mouth.”
²⁸tn Heb “from Zebulun, those going out for battle, prepared for war with all weapons of war, 50,000, and to help without a heart and a heart.”
²⁹tc The Hebrew text reads literally, “all these (were) men of war, helpers of the battle line.” The translation above assumes an emendation of yrdu, “helpers of,” to ykru, “prepared for.”
³⁰tn Heb “with a complete mind they came to Hebron to make David king over all Israel.”
³¹tn Heb “and also all the rest of Israel (was of) one mind to make David king.”
³²tn Heb “eating and drinking.”
³³tn Heb “cattle and sheep.”
³⁴tn Heb “for there was joy in Israel.”
¹tn Heb “and David consulted with the officers of thousands and hundreds, to every ruler.”
²tn Heb “If to you (it is) good and from the LORD our God.”
³tn Heb “let’s spread and let’s send.” The words “the word” are added in the translation for clarification.
⁴tn Heb “in the cities of their pasturelands.”
⁵tn Heb “to us.”
⁶tn Heb “him.”
⁷tn Heb “in the days of Saul.”
⁸tn Heb “all the assembly said to do so.”
⁹tn Heb “for right was the word in the eyes of all the people.”
¹⁰tn Or “the entrance to Hamath.”
¹¹tn Heb “the LORD who sits (between) the cherubim which is called (by his) name.”
¹²tn Heb “with all strength.”
¹³tn Heb “with songs and with zithers (?) and with harps.”
¹⁴tn Or “steady.”
¹⁵tn Heb “and the anger of the LORD burned against Uzza.”
¹⁶tn Heb “because he stretched out his hand over the ark.”
¹⁷sn God seems to overreact here, but Israel needed a vivid object lesson of God’s holiness. By loading the ark on a cart, David had violated the instructions in God’s law (Ex 25:12-14; Num 4:5-6, 15). Uzza’s action, however innocent it may seem, betrayed a certain lack of reverence for God’s presence. God had to remind his people that his holiness could not be violated.
¹⁸tn Heb “because the LORD broke out (with) breaking out (i.e., an outburst) against Uzza.”
¹⁹sn The name Perez Uzza means in Hebrew “the outburst (against) Uzza.”
¹tn Heb “craftsman of a wall,” that is, masons skilled at building stone walls.
²tn Heb “was lifted upwards.”
³tn Heb “took.”
⁴tn Heb “anointed.”
⁵tn Heb “to seek David.”
⁶tn Heb “went out before.”
⁷tn Heb “stripped.”
⁸tn Heb “by my hand.”
⁹sn Perazim means “outbursts” in Hebrew.
¹⁰tn Heb “gods.”
¹¹tn Heb “and David again asked God.”
¹²tn KB3 (129) defines the word as “shrubs.” Some translate “balsam trees” (see BDB, 113).
¹³tn Heb “go out in battle.”
¹⁴tn Heb “the name of David went out.”
¹⁵tn Heb “and the LORD placed fear of him upon all the nations.”
¹tn Heb “prepared.”
²tn Heb “because for what was at first (i.e., formerly) you (were) not, the LORD our God broke out against us, because we did not seek him concerning the procedure.”
³tn Heb “causing to be heard to lift up with a voice of joy.”
⁴tn The Hebrew text adds, “their brothers.”
⁵tn The Hebrew text adds “son” here; perhaps the name of Zechariah’s father was accidentally omitted.
⁶tn The meaning of twmlu is uncertain; perhaps it refers to a particular style of music. See KB3, 836.
⁷tn The meaning of twmlu is uncertain; perhaps it refers to a particular style of music.
⁸tn Literally, “for,” or “according to.”
⁹tn The text reads literally, “and Kenaniah, the leader of the Levites, with lifting up, supervising with lifting up, for he was well-informed.” The precise nuance of acm, “lifting up,” is unclear. Some understand it as a reference to supervising the singing and music.
¹⁰tn Heb “gatekeepers.”
¹¹tn Heb “gatekeepers.”
¹²tn Heb “the leader, the lifting up, the musicians.”
¹³sn An ephod was a priestly garment worn over the robe.
¹⁴tn The Hebrew text adds “in her heart.”
¹tn Or “peace offerings.”
²tn Heb “face.”
³tn Heb “and the judgments of his mouth.”
⁴tn Heb “in all the earth (are) his judgments.”
⁵tn The Hebrew text has a masculine plural imperative, addressed to the people. Some prefer to harmonize the wording here to Ps 105:8, which has rk^z`, the perfect third masculine singular form of the verb, “He (the LORD) remembers.”
⁶tn Heb “(the) word he commanded.” The text refers here to God’s unconditional covenantal promise to Abraham and the patriarchs, as verses 16-18 make clear.
⁷tn Heb “which.”
⁸tn Heb “his oath to Isaac.”
⁹tn Or “eternal covenant.”
¹⁰tn Heb “and from a kingdom to another nation.”
¹¹tn The word “saying” is added in the translation for clarification and stylistic reasons.
¹²tn Heb “from day to day.”
¹³tn The verb “tell” is understood by ellipsis (note the preceding line).
¹⁴tn Or “feared above.”
¹⁵tn <ylyla, “worthless,” sounds like <yhla, “gods.” The soundplay draws attention to the statement.
¹⁶tn Heb “majesty and splendor (are) before him.”
¹⁷tn Heb “strength and joy (are) in his place.”
¹⁸tn Heb “the splendor of (i.e., due) his name.”
¹⁹tn Or “in holy splendor.”
²⁰tn Heb “let them say among the nations.”
²¹tn Or “is eternal.”
²²tn The words “this prayer” are added for stylistic reasons.
²³tn Heb “to give thanks.” The infinitive construct indicates result after the imperative.
²⁴tn Heb “to boast in your praise.”
²⁵tn Heb “from everlasting to everlasting.”
²⁶tn Hebrew /m@a*, “surely,” traditionally transliterated, “amen.”
²⁷tn Heb “he.”
²⁸tn Heb “according to the matter of the day in its day.”
²⁹tc Some manuscripts read “Jeduthun.”
³⁰tn The word “served” is added in the translation for stylistic reasons.
³¹tn Or “high place.”
³²tn Heb “which he commanded Israel.”
³³tn Perhaps this refers to the refrain of their songs of praise (see Ps 136). In this case one could translate, “to give thanks to the LORD with songs using the refrain, ‘For his loyal love endures.’“
³⁴tn Heb “and with them, Heman and Jeduthun, trumpets and cymbals for sounding, and the instrument of song of God, and the sons of Jeduthun (were) at the gate.”
³⁵tn Heb “to bless his house.” Elsewhere when “house” is the object of “bless,” it refers to a household or family. See, for example, 1 Chr 13:14; 17:27. However, since tyb, “house,” refers to a literal house or home earlier in the verse and to David’s palace in 17:1, one might translate here, “David went to pronounce a blessing on (i.e., “dedicate”) his house (i.e., “palace”).”
¹tn Heb “house.”
²tn Heb “David.”
³tn Heb “house.”
⁴tn Heb “tent curtains.”
⁵tn Heb “all which is in your heart.”
⁶tn Heb “the word of God was (i.e., “came”) to Nathan the prophet.”
⁷tn The words “from Egypt” are added in the translation for clarification.
⁸tc The words /kvm la, “to tabernacle” should probably be added at the end of the sentence to complete this prepositional phrase and produce symmetry with the preceding prepositional phrase. The words probably fell from the text by homoiteleuton.
tn Heb “and I was from tent to tent and from tabernacle.” The point here is that the Lord moved with the tabernacle as it moved from place to place; he did not confine himself to a particular location.
⁹tn In the Hebrew text the statement is phrased as a rhetorical question, “Did I say?”
¹⁰tn Heb “to one of the judges of Israel whom I commanded to shepherd my people.”
¹¹tn Or “LORD of Hosts.”
¹²tn Heb “and from after sheep.”
¹³tn Heb “cut off.”
¹⁴tn Heb “and I will make for you a name like the name of the great men who are in the earth.”
¹⁵tn Heb “plant.”
¹⁶tn Heb “shaken.”
¹⁷tn Heb “and sons of violence will no longer consume them as in the beginning.”
¹⁸tn The word is here used in a metaphorical sense, referring to a royal dynasty. Here the Lord’s use of the word plays off the literal sense that David had in mind as he contemplated building a temple for the Lord.
¹⁹tn Heb “and it will be when your days are full to go with your ancestors.”
²⁰tn Heb “and I will establilsh his throne permanently.”
²¹tn Heb “and his throne will be established permanently.”
²²tn Heb “according to all these words and according to all this revelation, so Nathan said to David.”
²³tn Heb “house.”
²⁴tn Heb “and this was small in your eyes, O God, so you spoke concerning the house of your servant for a distance.”
²⁵tn This translation is very tentative; the meaning of the Hebrew text is unclear. The text appears to read literally, “and you see me like the searching of man, that which is upward,” which is non-sensical. The translation above assumes the following: (1) The qal verb translated “you see me” is repointed as a hiphil, “you showed me,” (2) rwt is understood in the sense of “searching, exploring,” and (3) hlumh is taken in a temporal sense of “that which lies beyond.” One could translate, “you have shown me what men search for, what lies beyond.”
²⁶tn The word “say” is added in the translation for clarification.
²⁷tn Heb “for honoring your servant, and you, your servant, know.”
²⁸tn Heb “heart.”
²⁹tn Heb “to make known all the great deeds.”
³⁰tn The text reads literally, “in all which we heard with our ears,” but lkb, “in all,” should probably be emended to lkk, “according to all.”
³¹tn Heb “a nation, one.”
³²tn Heb “whose God,” or “because God.” In the Hebrew text this clause is subordinated to what precedes. The clauses are separated in the translation for stylistic reasons.
³³tn Heb “redeem,” or “deliver.”
³⁴tn Heb “to make for yourself a name (with) great and awesome (deeds).”
³⁵tn Heb “to drive out.”
³⁶tn Heb “and you made your people Israel your own for a people permanently.”
³⁷tn Heb “and now, O LORD, the word which you spoke concerning your servant and concerning his house, may it be established permanently.”
³⁸tn Heb “as you have spoken.”
³⁹tn Following the imperative in v. 23b, the prefixed verbal form with waw conjunctive indicates purpose/result.
⁴⁰tn Heb “so it might be established.”
⁴¹tn Heb “and your name might be great permanently.” Following the imperative in v. 23b, the prefixed verbal form with waw conjunctive indicates purpose/result.
⁴²tn Heb “saying.” The words “as people” are added in the translation for clarification and stylistic reasons.
⁴³tn Heb “the LORD of Hosts, the God of Israel, Israel’s God.” The phrases larcy yhla, “God of Israel,” and larcyl <yhla, “Israel’s God,” are probably alternative readings that have been conflated in the text.
⁴⁴tn Heb “the house of David.”
⁴⁵tn Heb “house.”
⁴⁶tn Heb “That is why your servant found to pray before you.” Perhaps the phrase wbl ta, “his heart,” should be supplied as the object of the verb “found.”
⁴⁷tn Heb “the God.” The article indicates uniqueness here.
⁴⁸tn Heb “and you have spoken to your servant this good thing.”
⁴⁹tn Heb “house.”
⁵⁰tn Heb “for you, O LORD, have blessed and (it is) blessed permanently.”
¹tn Heb “from the hand (i.e., control) of the Philistines.”
²tn Heb “and the Moabites were servants of David, carriers of tribute.”
³tn Heb “when he went to set up his hand at the Euphrates River.” dy, “hand,” is usually understood to mean “control” or “dominion” here. However, since dy does occasionally refer to a monument, perhaps one could translate, “to set up his monument at the Euphrates River” (i.e., as a visible marker of the limits of his dominion). For another example of the hiphil of bxn used with dy, “monument,” see 1 Sam 15:12.
⁴tn Or “horsemen.”
⁵tn Heb “and David cut the hamstrings of all the chariot horses, and he left from them 100 chariot horses.”
⁶tc Heb “and David placed in Aram of Damascus.” The object <ybyxn, “garrisons,” appears to have been accidentally omitted from the text. See v. 13, as well as the parallel passage in 2 Sam 8:6, which includes it.
⁷tn Or “delivered.”
⁸tn Or “wherever he went.”
⁹tn Heb “which were upon the servants of Hadadezer.”
¹⁰tn Heb “the sea of bronze,” or “(the) sea, the bronze one.” See the note at 1 Kgs 7:23.
¹¹tn Heb “to ask concerning him for peace.”
¹²tn Heb “and to bless him because he fought with Hadadezer and defeated him, for Hadadezer was a man of battles with Tou.”
¹³tn Heb “(along with) all items of gold and silver and bronze.”
¹⁴tn Heb “also them King David made holy to the LORD.”
¹⁵tn Heb “from.”
¹⁶tn See the notes at v. 6.
¹⁷tn Heb “and he was doing what is just and fair for all his people.”
¹⁸tn Heb “over.”
¹⁹tn Heb “(was) over.”
²⁰tn Heb “and the sons of David (were) the heads at the hand of David.”
¹tn Heb “do loyalty.”
²tn Heb “did loyalty.”
³tn Heb “to console him concerning his father.”
⁴tn Heb “and the servants of David came to the land of the sons of Ammon to Hanun to console him.”
⁵tn Heb “Is David honoring your father in your eyes when he sends to you ones consoling?”
⁶tc Heb “Is it not to explore and to overturn and to spy out the land (that) his servants have come to you?” Jphl, “to overturn,” seems misplaced in the sequence. Some emend the form to rpjl, “to spy out.” The sequence of three infinitives may be a conflation of alternative readings.
⁷tn Heb “shaved them.” See v. 5.
⁸tn Heb “and he cut their robes in the middle unto the buttocks.”
⁹tn Heb “they.”
¹⁰tn Heb “the men.”
¹¹tn Heb “that they were a stench (i.e., disgusting) with David.”
¹²sn Hebrew rkk , “circle,” refers generally to something that is round. When used of metals it can refer to a disk-shaped weight made of the metal or to a standard unit of weight.
¹³tn The words “the news” and “to meet them” are added in the translation for stylistic reasons and clarification.
¹⁴tn Heb “and Joab saw that the face of the battle was to him before and behind and he chose from all the best in Israel and arranged to meet Aram.”
¹⁵tn Heb “he.”
¹⁶tn Heb “if Aram is stronger than me.”
¹⁷tn Heb “if the sons of Ammon are stronger than you.”
¹⁸tn Heb “and the LORD, what is good in his eyes, he will do.”
¹⁹tn Heb “and the army which was with him.”
²⁰tn Heb “and Aram saw that they were struck down before Israel and they sent messengers and brought out Aram which is beyond the River, and Shophach the commander of the army of Hadadezer (was) before them.”
²¹tn Heb “and he came to them and was deployed against them.”
²²tn Heb “and David was deployed to meet Aram (for) battle and they fought with him.”
¹tn Heb “and it was at the time of the turning of the year, at the time of the going out of kings.”
²tn Hebrew rkk; see the note at 19:6.
³tn Heb “and it was on the head of David.”
⁴tc The Hebrew text has “saws,” but since they were just mentioned, it is preferable to emend twrgm, “saws,” to twrzgm, “axes.”
⁵tn Heb “battle stood.”
⁶tn Heb “they.”
⁷tc The Hebrew text reads, “Elchanan son of Jair killed Lachmi the brother of Goliath the Gittite.” But it is likely that the accusative marker in front of ymjl, “Lachmi,” is a corruption of tyb, and that ymjl ta should be emended to ymjlh tyb, “the Bethlehemite.” See 2 Sam 21:19.
⁸tn Heb “and there was another battle, in Gath.”
⁹tn Heb “his servants.”
¹tn Heb “stood against.”
²tn Heb “and incited David to count Israel.” As v. 5 indicates, David was not interested in a general census, but in determining how much military strength he had.
sn The parallel text in 2 Sam 24:1 says, “The LORD’s anger again raged against Israel and he incited David against them, saying: ‘Go, count Israel and Judah!’“ The Samuel version gives an underlying theological perspective, while the Chronicler simply describes what happened from a human perspective. Some transliterate Hebrew /fc as a proper name, “Satan.” /fc, which means “adversary,” is used here without the article. Elsewhere when it appears without the article, it refers to a personal or national adversary in the human sphere, the lone exception being Num 22:22, 32, where the angel of the Lord assumes the role of an adversary to Balaam. When referring elsewhere to the spiritual entity known in the NT as Satan, the noun has the article and is used as a title, “the Adversary” (see Job 1:6-9, 12; 2:1-4, 6-7; Zech 3:1-2). In light of usage elsewhere the adversary in 1 Chr 21:1 is likely a human enemy, probably a nearby nation whose hostility against Israel pressured David into numbering the people so he could assess his military strength. For compelling linguistic and literary arguments against taking the noun as a proper name here, see Sarah Japhet, I & II Chronicles, A Commentary, OTL (Philadelphia: Westminster, 1993), 374-75.
³tn Or “people.”
⁴tn Heb “Go, count Israel.” See the note at v. 1.
⁵tn Heb “their number.”
⁶tn Or “people.”
⁷tn Heb “Why should it become guilt for Israel?” David’s decision betrays an underlying trust in his own strength rather than in divine provision. See also 27:23-24.
⁸tn Heb “and the word of the king was stronger than Joab.”
⁹tn Heb “and Joab gave to David the number of the numbering of the army (or, “people”).”
¹⁰tn Heb “a thousand thousands and one hundred thousand.”
¹¹tn Heb “There was displeasure in the eyes of God concerning this thing.”
¹²tn Heb “seer.”
¹³tn Heb “Three I am extending to you; choose for yourself one of them and I will do it to you.”
¹⁴tc Heb “or three months being swept away from before your enemies and the sword of your enemies overtaking.” hpsn (niphal participle from hps) should probably be emended to hksn (qal infinitive from swn with second masculine singular suffix). See 2 Sam 24:13.
¹⁵tn Heb “or three days of the sword of the LORD and plague in the land, and the messenger (or, “angel”) of the LORD destroying in all the territory of Israel.”
¹⁶tn Heb “There is great distress to me; let me fall into the hand of the LORD for his mercy is bery great, but into the hand of men let me not fall.”
¹⁷tn Or “angel.”
¹⁸tn Or “destroy.”
¹⁹tn Heb “while he was destroying.”
²⁰tn Or “saw.”
²¹tn Or “was grieved because of.”
²²tn Heb “concerning the calamity.”
²³tn For this nuance of Hebrew br^, see BDB, 913.
²⁴tn Heb “Now, drop your hand.”
²⁵tn In 2 Sam 24 this individual is called anwra, “Aravna” (traditionally, “Araunah”).
²⁶tn Heb “and David and the elders, covered with sackcloth, fell on their faces.”
²⁷tn “and doing evil I did evil.” The infinitive absolute precedes the finite form of the verb for emphasis.
²⁸tn Heb “let your hand be on me and on the house of my father.”
²⁹tn Heb “but on your people not for a plague.”
³⁰tn Heb “that he should go up to raise up.”
³¹tn Heb ‘and David went up by the word of Gad which he spoke in the name of the LORD.”
³²tn Heb “nostrils.”
³³tn Heb “the place of the threshing floor.”
³⁴tn Following the imperative, the prefixed verbal form with waw conjunctive here indicates the immediate purpose/result.
³⁵tn Heb “For full silver sell to me.”
³⁶tn Following the imperative and first person prefixed verbal form with waw conjunctive, this third person prefixed verbal form with waw conjunctive introduces the ultimate purpose/result. Another option is subordinate this form to the preceding imperative, but the latter may be taken as a parenthetical expansion of the initial request.
³⁷tn Heb “take for yourself.”
³⁸tn Heb “what is good in his eyes.”
³⁹tn Heb “No, for buying I will buy for full silver.” The infinitive absolute precedes the finite verb for emphasis.
⁴⁰tn Or “without (paying) compensation.”
⁴¹tn Or “peace offerings.”
⁴²tn Heb “spoke to the messenger.”
¹tn Or “high place.”
²tn Heb “a young man and tender.”
³tn Heb “and the house to build to make exceedingly great for a name and for splendor for all the lands.”
⁴tn Heb “I was with my heart.”
⁵tn Heb “for the name of.”
⁶tn Heb “and the word of the LORD was (i.e., “came”) to me saying.”
⁷tn Heb “for my name.”
⁸tn Heb “man of rest.”
⁹tn The Hebrew text adds, “all around.”
¹⁰tn Heb “in his days.”
¹¹tn Heb “for my name.”
¹²tn Heb “and I will establish the throne of his kingdom over Israel permanently.”
¹³tn Heb “as he spoke concerning you.”
¹⁴tn Or “keep.”
¹⁵tn Heb “which the LORD commanded Moses concerning Israel.”
¹⁶tn Or perhaps, “don’t get discouraged.”
¹⁷tn Heb “and look, in my affliction (or perhaps “poverty”) I have supplied for the house of the LORD.”
¹⁸tn See the note at 19:6.
¹⁹tn Heb “a thousand thousands.”
²⁰tn Heb “craftsmen of stone and wood.”
²¹tn Heb “and every kind of skilled one in all work, concerning gold, concerning silver, and concerning bronze, and concerning iron, there is no numbering.”
²²tn Or “help.”
²³tn The words “he told them” are added in the translation for stylistic reasons.
²⁴tn In the Hebrew text the statement is phrased as a rhetorical question, “Is not the LORD your God with you?” The question anticipates the response, “Of course he is!”
²⁵tn Heb “and he gives rest to you all around.”
²⁶tn Or “earth.”
²⁷tn Or “earth.”
²⁸tn Heb “now give your heart and your being to seek the LORD your God.”
²⁹tn Heb “to bring.”
³⁰tn Heb “items of holiness of God.”
³¹tn Heb “for the name of the LORD.”
¹tn Heb “and full of years.”
²tn Heb “he.”
³tn Heb “and their number by their heads, by men, was 38,000.”
⁴tn The words “David said” are added in the translation for clarification. The appearance of the first person verb “I supplied” in v. 5 indicates that David is speaking here.
⁵tn Heb “to praise.”
⁶tn The name appears as “Zizah” in v. 11.
⁷sn Verses 8-10 are confusing. Two different lists of Shimei’s sons appear. In between these lists is the statement “these were the leaders of the family of Ladan,” suggesting that the list just before this includes the sons of Ladan, not Shimei. But verse 8 already lists Ladan’s sons. Apparently the text as it stands is a conflation of differing traditions.
⁸tn Heb “and Aaron was set apart to consecrate it, the most holy things, he and his sons, permanently, to sacrifice before the LORD, to serve him and to bless his name permanently.”
⁹tn Heb “and Moses the man of God, his sons were called to the tribe of Levi.”
¹⁰tn The Hebrew text has the plural “sons,” but only one name appears after this. The attached phrase “the oldest” might indicate that Shebuel was not Gershom’s only son, but note v. 17.
¹¹tn The Hebrew text has, “the sons of Eliezer were,” but only one name appears in after this and we are specifically told that Eliezer had no other sons.
¹²tn The Hebrew text has the plural “sons,” but only one name appears after this. The attached phrase “the oldest” might indicate that Shelomith was not Izhar’s only son, but note v. 17.
¹³tn Heb “the sons of Kish, their brothers (i.e., relatives/cousins) lifted them up.” For other uses of acn, “lift up,” in the sense of “marry,” see BDB, 671.
¹⁴tn Heb “these were the sons of Levi according to the house of their fathers, heads of the fathers, according to their numberings, by number of names, according to their heads, doer(s) of the work for the service of the house of the LORD, from a son of 20 years and upwards.”
¹⁵tn Heb “for by the final words of David, they were the number of the sons of Levi, from a son of 20 years and upward.”
¹⁶tn Heb “For their assignment was at the hand of the sons of Aaron for the work of the house of the LORD concerning the courtyards and concerning the rooms and concerning the purification of all holiness and the work of the service of the house of God.”
¹⁷tn Heb “with respect to.”
¹⁸tn hrwcm and hdm refer to different types of measurements.
¹⁹tn Heb “and to stand.”
²⁰tn Heb “by number according to the manner upon them, regularly before the LORD.”
²¹tn Heb “and they kept the charge of the tent of meeting and the charge of the holy place and the charge of the sons of Aaron, their brothers, for the service of the house of the LORD.”
¹tn Heb “for their assignment in their service.”
²tn Heb “And the sons of Eleazar were found to be more, with respect to the heads of men, than the sons of Ithamar, and they divided them. To the sons of Eleazar there were 16 heads, according to the house of the fathers; and to the sons of Ithamar there were eight, according to the house of their fathers.”
³tn Heb “and they divided them by lots, these with these, for the officials of the holy place and the officials of God were from the sons of Eleazar and among the sons of Ithamar.”
⁴tn Heb “one house of a father was drawn by lot for Eleazar, and one (this assumes an emendation of zja to dja, “one”) was drawn by lot for Ithamar.”
⁵tn Heb “these were their responsibilities for their service to enter the house of the LORD according to their manner (given) by the hand of Aaron their father, as the LORD God of Israel commanded him.”
⁶tn Heb “Belonging to the rest of the sons of Levi.”
⁷tc The Hebrew text accidentally omits “Hebron” here, see 23:19.
⁸tc The Hebrew text has the plural “sons,” but only one name appears after this.
⁹tc Heb “the sons of Jaaziah, Beno.” Apparently wnb, which could be translated “his son,” is a proper name here. The text, however, may be corrupt at this point; a list of Jaaziah’s sons may have been accidentally omitted. See v. 27.
¹⁰tn Or “from Jaaziah his son.” See the note at v. 26.
¹¹tc The Hebrew text has, “Belonging to (i.e., from) Kish, the sons of Kish, Jerachmeel.” There appears to be a conflation of headings.
¹²tn Heb “the fathers (i.e., families) of the head (i.e., oldest) just like his youngest brother.”
¹tn Heb “David and the officers of the army set apart for service the sons of Asaph and Heman and Jeduthun, the ones prophesying by harps, by lyres, and by cymbals.”
²tn Heb “and their number was, the men of work for their service.”
³tn Heb “the sons of Asaph (were) upon the hand of Asaph, the one prophesying upon the hands of the king.”
⁴tn Heb “belonging to Jeduthun, the sons of Jeduthun.”
⁵tn The name appears as “Izri” in v. 10.
⁶tc The list includes only five names. Apparently the name “Shimei” (see v. 17), which appears in one medieval Hebrew manuscript and in the LXX, has been accidentally omitted from the text.
⁷tn Heb “belonging to Heman, the sons of Heman.”
⁸tn Heb “by the words of God to exalt a horn.” An animal’s “horn” is sometimes used metaphorically as a symbol of strength and honor. See BDB, 901-02.
⁹tn Heb “and their number with their brothers, trained in music to the LORD, all skilled, was 288.”
¹⁰tn Heb “and they cast lots (for) service, just as like small, like great, teacher with student.”
¹¹tc Apparently the recurring formula, “his sons and his relatives, 12” has been accidentally omitted from the text. See vv. 10-31. (The formula is slightly different in v. 9b.) If the number “12” is not supplied here, the total comes to only 276, not 288 (see v. 7).
tn Heb “to Asaph, to Joseph.”
¹²tn The name appears as “Zeri” in v. 3.
¹tn Or “brothers.”
²tn Heb “for a gate and a gate,” i.e., for each gate.
³tn Heb “a guard alongside a guard.”
⁴tn Or “treasuries.”
⁵tc The marginal reading (qere) is “Shelomith,” while the consonantal text (kethib) has “Shelomoth.”
⁶tc The name is spelled “Shelomith” in the marginal reading (qere) of v. 25.
⁷tn Or “seer.”
⁸tn The words “the temple” are added in the translation for clarification.
⁹tn Heb “and they were searched and there were found in them.”
¹⁰tn Heb “and his brothers, sons of respect, (were) 2700, heads of fathers.”
¹¹tn Heb “with respect to every matter of God and matter of the king.”
¹tn Heb “and the sons of Israel according to their number, heads of the fathers and the commanders of the thousands and the hundreds and their officers who served the king with respect to every matter of the divisions, (that which) comes and goes out month by month according to all the months of the year, one division (was) 24,000.”
²tn Heb “the leader.”
³tn Heb “That (was the) Benaiah (who was) a warrior of the thirty and over the thirty, and his division, Ammizabad his son.”
⁴tn Heb “(was) after him.”
⁵tn Heb “anger was on Israel.”
⁶tc The Hebrew text has “in the number,” but rpsm is probably dittographic, note that the word appears immediately before this. The form should be emended to rpsb, “in the scroll.”
⁷tn Heb “with respect to the work of the land.” The phrase refers to agricultural labor. See KB3, 776.
⁸tn Heb “and over (that) which is in the vineyards, with respect to the storehouses of the wine, (was) Zabdi the Shiphmite.”
⁹tn Or “foothills.” Heb “the Shephelah.”
¹⁰tn Heb “was an adviser, a man of insight, and a scribe.”
¹¹tn Heb “(was) with.”
¹²tn Heb “friend.”
¹tn Heb “I, with my heart to build a house of rest for the ark of the covenant of the LORD and for a stool of the feet of our God.”
²tn Heb “for my name.”
³tn Heb “out of all the house of my father to become king over all Israel permanently.”
⁴tn Or “for.”
⁵tn Heb “and among the sons of my father he desired to make me king over all Israel.”
⁶tn Heb “from all my sons, for many sons the LORD has given to me, he chose Solomon my son to sit on the throne of the kingdom of the LORD over Israel.”
⁷tn Heb “if he is strong to do my commands and my regulations like this day.”
⁸tn The words “I say this” are added in the translation for stylistic reasons.
⁹tn Heb “Watch! Seek!.”
¹⁰tn Heb “know.”
¹¹tn Heb “with a complete heart (or “mind”) and a willing being.”
¹²tn Heb “he will allow himself to be found by you.”
¹³tn Heb “see.”
¹⁴tn The Hebrew text has just “the porch.”
¹⁵tn Heb “house.”
¹⁶tn The words “he gave him” are added in the translation for stylistic reasons.
¹⁷tn Heb “the pattern of all which was in the spirit with him.”
¹⁸tn The words “he gave him the regulations” are added in the translation for stylistic reasons.
¹⁹tn The words “he gave him” are added in the translation for stylistic reasons.
²⁰tn Heb “for the gold, by the weight, for the gold, for all the items of service and service, for all the items of silver by weight for all the items of service and service.”
²¹tn The words “he gave him” are added in the translation for stylistic reasons.
²²tc The Hebrew text has hbkrm, “chariot.,” but the final he is probably dittographic, note the prefixed he on the immediately following word. It is preferable to read bkrm, “seat.”
²³tc The Hebrew text does not have “their wings,” but <ypnk, “wings,” has probably been accidentally omitted by homoioteleuton. Note that the immediately preceding <ycrpl also ends in mem.
²⁴tn The words “David said” are added in the translation for clarification and stylistic reasons.
²⁵tn Heb “the whole in writing from the hand of the LORD upon me, he gave insight (for) all the workings of the plan.”
²⁶tn Or perhaps, “don’t be discouraged.”
²⁷tn Heb “and with you in all work, for every willing (one) in skill for all service.”
²⁸tn Heb “and the officials and all the people to all your words.”
¹tn Heb “a young man and tender.”
²tn Heb “and according to all my strength.”
³tn Heb “the gold for the gold, and the silver for the silver, and the bronze for the bronze, and the iron for the iron, and the wood for the wood.”
⁴sn See the note at 19:6.
⁵sn A daric was a unit of measure; see BDB, 204. Some have regarded the daric as a minted coin, but this is less likely.
⁶tn The word “precious” is added in the translation for clarification.
⁷tn Heb “with a complete heart (or “mind”).”
⁸tn Heb “was rejoiced with great joy.”
⁹tn The Hebrew text adds, “and David said.”
¹⁰tn The words “and sovereign” are added in the translation for clarification and stylistic reasons.
¹¹tn Heb “head.”
¹²tn Heb “wealth and honor (are) from before you.”
¹³tn Heb “and in your hand (is) strength and might and in your hand to magnify and to give strength to all.”
¹⁴tn Heb “that we should retain strength to contribute like this.”
¹⁵tn Heb “and from you we have given to you.”
¹⁶tn Or perhaps, “hope.”
¹⁷tn Heb “a heart (or, “mind”).”
¹⁸tn Heb “with integrity of heart (or “mind”).”
¹⁹tn Heb “keep this permanently with respect to the motive of the thoughts of the heart (or “mind”) of your people, and make firm their heart (or “mind”) to you.”
²⁰tn Heb “and to Solomon my son give a complete heart (or “mind”) to keep your commands, your rules and your regulations, and to do everything, and to build the palace (for) which I have prepared.”
²¹tn Heb “they ate and drank.”
²²tn Heb “with great joy.”
²³sn See 23:1.
²⁴tn Heb “listened to him.”
²⁵tn Heb “placed a hand under Solomon the king.”
²⁶tn Heb “and gave to him glory of kingship which there was not concerning every king before him over Israel.”
²⁷tn Heb “satisfied with days, wealth, and honor.”
²⁸tn Heb “and the events of David the king, the former and the latter, look they are written in the annals of Samuel the seer, and in the annals of Nathan the prophet, and in the annals of Gad the seer.”
²⁹tn Heb “with all his reign and his might, and the times which passed over him and over Israel and over all the kingdoms of the lands.”